Earl Russell Browder (May 20, 1891 – June 27, 1973), American political leader, born in Wichita, Kansas. He left school after the third grade and joined the Socialist party at the age of 15. An opponent of U.S. entry into World War I, Browder was convicted of conspiracy against the draft laws and imprisoned for 16 months in 1919 and 1920. During the 1920 he helped organize the Communist party in the U.S.
He was general secretary of the Communist party from 1930 until 1944 and its candidate for U.S. president in 1936 and 1940. Convicted on a charge of violating passport regulations, Browder was again imprisoned (1941-42). In 1944 he was elected president of the Communist Political Association, an organization created when the Communist party was dissolved in the U.S. Accused of having deviated from Communist orthodoxy, Browder was expelled from the restablished party in 1946.
He went into virtual retirement, and an attempt to reinstate him to party favor in 1956 failed. Among his many books are Communism in the United States (1935), War or Peace with Russia? (1947), and Marx and America (1958).
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